Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Depending on some characteristics of the disease, such as acidity in the stomach and the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may differ in what can or cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, drinks alcohol regularly, smokes, and is often under great stress, he will inevitably suffer from gastritis and other diseases.This is a disease that causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa, causing damage to its integrity.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main one being severe pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting may occur, and appetite may be reduced or completely absent, often leading to weight loss.Gastritis comes in many forms, including those caused by an infectious environment, but regardless, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.Not only do you have to change your eating habits and decide what can and cannot be eaten, but you also have to change the principles of nutrition itself and develop a stable menu for the week, dividing all food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation of the condition, you should pay attention to your diet; in addition, there are some subtle differences in whether gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed in gastritis?
The main difference in diet will be determined by acidity levels.Which indicator is determined for a specific patient during diagnosis before treatment.
increased acidity
As acidity increases (which is most common), you need to follow three basic principles:
- mechanical.It stipulates a ban on fried foods; in addition, crude fiber is not allowed, such as bran bread, rutabagas, radishes, meat sticks, etc.
- Chemical.It states that you need to avoid foods that increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid needed for the digestive process, such as soda, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated soups based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- hot.It involves eating foods that have an optimal temperature, usually in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hot or cold, gastritis can irritate the esophagus, causing the absorption of food to take longer and thus increasing pressure on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is acidic, low-fat fish and meat, fermented dairy products, and eggs, which can be made into omelets or boiled, are all suitable for nutritional supplements.In addition, the diet may contain peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
low acidity
A gastritis diet that reduces acidity includes foods that promote the release of more enzymes to ensure digestion.For this reason, it is also important to standardize your dietary routine.This must be done slowly; chewing a portion of food should take at least half a minute, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Drinking slightly carbonated mineral water can significantly improve the secretion of hydrochloric acid; 200 ml of this water should be drank before each meal.A variety of fruits and vegetables are allowed but must be eaten immediately after a meal as snacking is not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be light and contain no hard fiber.To further facilitate the digestive process, it's best to peel the fruit ahead of time and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some benefits compared to high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths, as well as river fish, mushrooms and lean meats (including rabbit and veal) are acceptable.Milk derivatives are allowed, but milk itself is best avoided.
What is not allowed?
If you have any acidic gastritis, you should not consume:
- bake;
- chocolate products;
- Fried, spicy food;
- alcoholic beverages;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation - this week's menu
If the condition worsens, a compromise should be found that allows the body to receive all necessary nutrients and trace elements, but with a diet that is neutral and does not irritate inflamed mucous membranes.In this case, digestion needs to be assisted as much as possible so that it happens quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all of your food into small pieces and cook it only by boiling or steaming it.
It is important that the menu compiled is not only balanced and moderate, but also strictly observed, eating at strictly prescribed times every day.The interval between doses should not exceed three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the condition will only worsen.It cannot be transported because it is filled with gastric stasis.At night, you should eat within three to four hours of bedtime.
Strangely, during an exacerbation of the condition, it is recommended to fast on the first day.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink plenty of still water and weak tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the next day, you can drink liquid porridge and mashed potatoes with water.In addition, boiled eggs and non-condensed soups with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, fat-rich foods should be completely eliminated from the diet, as they are broken down very slowly.
This week's menu
Monday and Wednesday:
- Oatmeal and preserves for breakfast;
- You can have steamed cheesecake for your second breakfast;
- Lunch consisted of mashed potatoes, breaded vegetable soup, boiled fish, and preserves;
- Afternoon snack - biscuits with light tea;
- Dinner – Side dish pasta with steamed lean pork chop and light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast includes baked apples, cheesecake and preserves;
- The second breakfast should be a glass of jelly;
- Lunch requires vegetable soup, steamed fish, and gas mineral water;
- An afternoon snack including unsweetened light tea and white bread biscuits is available;
- Dinner was cheese casserole and preserves.
Friday and Sunday:
- Eggs should be boiled for 5-6 minutes at breakfast and then eaten with candied fruit;
- For the second breakfast, cheesecake and tea;
- Vegetable stew, grated potato soup, jelly for lunch;
- Afternoon snack - a cup of kefir and cookies;
- Dinner should be boiled fish porridge.
Gastritis Diet No. 1
The first diet is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since in case of gastritis or suffering from ulcers, it is very important to restore normal digestion and not irritate the gastric mucosa.This diet is instituted after the exacerbation period of the disease is over.Among cooking methods, only boiling, steaming, and roasting methods can be used.It is extremely important to reduce salt intake, as the presence of salt negatively affects the condition of the inner surface of the stomach; in addition, salt slows down the elimination of water from the body.
The first diet is to divide the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.Total calories consumed cannot exceed 2,000 calories.
Entrees that should be included in Diet No. 1 include:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Gluten-free lean meats and fish and other hard-to-digest ingredients;
- Bread products should be eaten yesterday, after drying, they can also be eaten in the form of biscuits.
You can eat fermented dairy products in moderation, such as cheese, yogurt, and skim milk.
Not to be consumed in Diet 1:
- rye bread;
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat - you will have to give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- smoked products;
- Pickle;
- Fish and other canned foods.
erosive diet
When the effects of a disease cause erosion of the stomach (called ulcers), gastritis is called erosive gastritis.Ulcers are a more serious condition that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when erosion of the wall gradually causes a hole, allowing stomach contents to enter the abdominal cavity.Without urgent surgical treatment, this condition can lead to death.
The cause of erosion and the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection is exposure to substances or excessive acidity of gastric juices.Therefore, with erosive gastritis, it is important to eat correctly to slow down and reverse the ulcer formation process.
The diet of patients with erosive gastritis should follow the following principles:
- Eat foods that minimize irritation to the stomach wall and prevent an increase in acidity;
- You need to continue to eat liquid, warm, pureed foods.At the same time, try to reduce the amount of fat and salt in your diet;
- Say no to bad habits, spices, and soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked using heat treatment;
- The focus of food should be soups and cereals.
Diet and menu for patients with atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose because there are no symptoms in the early stages of pathology.Among the few symptoms of this disease, people can notice hiccups after fried and fatty foods, which smell very unpleasant.In addition, atrophic gastritis is inevitably accompanied by symptoms such as general weakness, brittle leg hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes strict restrictions on the list of what is and is not feasible.In your diet you should avoid:
- Dark baked products, baked goods;
- smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- peas, beans;
- canned food;
- uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Sparkling water, including mineral water;
- milk.
As with other gastritis diets, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited during the atrophy stage.To get food into a ready-to-eat state, you can boil, steam or bake it
For atrophic gastritis, diet is important:
- soups based on grated vegetables;
- Various porridge;
- Cook lean meat and mince it;
- Skim milk derivatives;
- boiled eggs;
- unleavened white bread, biscuits;
- heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- butter;
- For dessert, you can enjoy jams, jellies and mousses.